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Physics Atomic and Nuclear Physics Mix Subjective Type
Published on: September 12, 2026

A sample of hydrogen gas in its ground state is irradiated with photons of 10.02 eV energies. The radiation from the above sample is used to irradiate two other samples of excited ionized He + and excited ionized Li 2+ respectively. Both the ionized samples absorb the incident radiation.

(i) How many lines are obtained in the He + and Li 2+ emission spectra respectively?

(ii) What are the smallest and biggest wavelengths in their spectra?

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The correct answer is:
C
Step 1: Determine the energy levels for He+ and Li2+.
The energy levels for hydrogen-like ions can be calculated using the formula:
$$ E_n = -\frac{Z^2 \cdot 13.6 \text{ eV}}{n^2} $$
where Z is the atomic number and n is the principal quantum number.
  • For He+ (Z = 2):
    - E1 = -54.4 eV
    - E2 = -13.6 eV
    - E3 = -6.02 eV
  • For Li2+ (Z = 3):
    - E1 = -122.4 eV
    - E2 = -30.6 eV
    - E3 = -13.6 eV
Step 2: Analyze the transitions that can occur.
For He+:
The potential excited states are n = 2, 3 (assuming we start from ground state n = 1). The possible transitions are:
- n = 2 to n = 1
- n = 3 to n = 1
- n = 3 to n = 2
This gives us a total of 3 transitions (lines).
For Li2+:
The potential excited states are also n = 2, 3. The possible transitions are:
- n = 2 to n = 1
- n = 3 to n = 1
- n = 3 to n = 2
This also provides 3 transitions (lines).
Step 3: Calculate the smallest and largest wavelengths.
Using the formula for the wavelength from the energy gap:
$$ \lambda = \frac{hc}{E} $$
where h is Planck's constant (4.135667696e-15 eV·s) and c is the speed of light (3.00e8 m/s).
For the smallest wavelength, we take the largest energy difference (highest transition):
For He+: n=3 to n=1
$$ E = E_1 - E_3 = -54.4 - (-6.02) = 48.38 ext{ eV} $$
$$ \lambda_{smallest} = \frac{(4.135667696 \times 10^{-15} \text{ eV·s})(3.00 \times 10^8 \text{ m/s})}{48.38} \approx 2.57 \times 10^{-12} \text{ m} $$
For the largest wavelength, take the smallest energy transition (lowest):
For He+: n=3 to n=2
$$ E = -13.6 - (-6.02) = -7.58 ext{ eV} $$
$$ \lambda_{largest} = \frac{(4.135667696 \times 10^{-15} \text{ eV·s})(3.00 \times 10^8 \text{ m/s})}{7.58} \approx 4.92 \times 10^{-12} \text{ m} $$
The same steps yield similar results for Li2+. Thus the answers are:
He+: 3 lines, λ = 2.57e-12 m to 4.92e-12 m
Li2+: 3 lines, wavelength in the similar range.
Therefore, the answers are (i) 3 lines for both He+ and Li2+, and for (ii), wavelengths range from smallest to largest: 2.57e-12 m to 4.92e-12 m.

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